中间计算器

{% trans "The median is a fundamental statistical measure that represents the middle value in a dataset. Unlike the mean (average), the median is not influenced by extreme outliers, making it a robust and reliable measure of central tendency." %}

定义和重要性

{% trans "The median is the value that separates a data set into two equal halves. When all data points are arranged in ascending order, the median identifies the middle point where 50% of the data values are below it and 50% are above it." %}

在统计分析中,中位数特别有价值,因为:

• 它能抵抗外向, 不像那些被极端价值严重扭曲的平分
• It provides a better representation of the "typical" value in skewed distributions
• 它与数值有定义顺序的正线数据配合良好
• 在许多现实世界的情景中,如收入分配中,解释比较容易

将中位数比作平和模式

统计分析往往采用三个衡量中心趋势的尺度:平均值、中值和模式。 每种观点提供不同的见解:

分布形状及其影响

平均和中位数之间的关系为分配的形状提供了宝贵的见解:

• 对称分布:平均 QQ 中间 QQ 模式
• 右旋( 阳性 skew):平均值 > 中位数
• 被左撇子( 阴性 skew):平均值< Median

{% trans "In real-world data, right-skewed distributions are common in datasets like income, where a few high values pull the mean upward. In such cases, the median provides a more accurate representation of the \"typical\" value." %}

实际世界应用

中位数广泛用于各个领域:

• 经济学:{% trans "Median income is reported rather than mean income to better represent typical earnings, as income distributions are often right-skewed due to high earners." %}
• 房地产:{% trans "Median home prices provide a more realistic picture of the housing market than mean prices, which can be skewed by extremely expensive properties." %}
• 保健:{% trans "Median survival rates in clinical trials offer a more reliable measure of treatment effectiveness, especially when patient responses vary widely." %}
• 学历:{% trans "Median test scores can better represent typical student performance when some scores are unusually high or low." %}

中值是排序数据集中的中间值. 如果有偶数值,中值为两个中值的平均值.

要计算中位数,请遵循这些步骤:

1. 1
   按上升顺序排序所有数字
2. 2
   如果数值数为奇数,则中值为中值
3. 3
   如果数值数是均匀的,则中值是两个中间值的平均值

例如,寻找2,4,6,8,10的中位数: